Oseltamivir
Oseltamivir is an antiviral drug for the treatment of influenza type A and B in cases where no more than 48 hours have passed since the onset of the disease.
Mechanism of action
By inhibiting influenza virus neuraminidase, Oseltamivir affects the release of virus particles.
Pharmacodynamics
In the liver, Oseltamivir is hydrolyzed to the active form of Oseltamivir carboxylase. OSeltamivir carboxylase inhibits neuraminidase enzyme in influenza virus particles. This action is thought to prevent virus replication, possibly by interfering with virus particle assembly and release from the host cell.
Pharmacokinetics
OSeltamivir is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is converted into the active metabolite of Oseltamivir carboxylase. (at least 75% of the drug in the systemic blood stream) taking this drug with food does not have a significant effect on the plasma concentration of the drug. The volume of distribution of Oseltamivir carboxylase is 23-26. It is liters. The protein binding of the drug and its metabolites is also low. The drug is removed during the process of metabolizing Oseltamivir (half-life 1-3 hours) to acetamivir carboxylase (half-life 6-10 hours) and is excreted through urine.
Uses of Oseltamivir
Treatment and prophylaxis of influenza
Dosage of Oseltamivir
adults :
Treatment of active influenza infection: 75 mg every 12 hours for 5 days. (In patients who have had symptoms for two or less days.)
Prophylaxis: after close contact with an infected patient: 75 mg daily for 10 days (effective up to 48 hours after contact with the virus.)
After contact with influenza in the community: 75 mg single dose (effective up to 48 hours after contact with the virus.)
children :
Children equal to and older than one year who weigh more than 40 kg: 75 mg oral suspension every 12 hours for 5 days.
Children equal to and older than one year whose weight is between 23 and 40 kg: 60 mg of oral suspension every 12 hours for up to 5 days.
Children equal to and older than one year whose weight is between 15 and 23 kg: 45 mg of oral suspension every 12 hours for up to 5 days.
Children equal to and older than one year whose weight is equal to or less than 15 kg: 30 mg oral suspension every 12 hours for 5 days.
prohibited usage
History of hypersensitivity to the drug or its components, toxic epidermal necrosis, Steven Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme
Side effects of Oseltamivir
Nausea, headache, vomiting, dizziness, diarrhea, cough, insomnia, abdominal pain, digestive complications, skin complications, toxic epidermal necrosis, Steven Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, tinnitus, neuropsychotic reactions.
Drug interactions
Dichlorphenamide
Warnings
Cases of anaphylaxis and severe skin reactions such as toxic epidermal necrosis, Steven Johnson syndrome and erythema multiforme have been reported. If allergic symptoms occur, stop taking the medicine.
Recommended tips
If you have any of the following conditions, consult your doctor before taking the medicine:
Pregnancy, breastfeeding and any allergy to this medicine and liver, kidney, heart and lung problems, weak immunity and taking flu vaccine.
Use in pregnancy
C (Group C drugs should only be used with a doctor’s prescription. The risks of using this group of drugs have not yet been ruled out, or human studies have not been conducted, and when the doctor feels that the benefits of using this group of drugs outweigh the possible harms. It is much more, and its consumption is necessary for the patient to prescribe.)
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