What is cyproheptadine tablet?

Cyproheptadine is an antihistamine that was first approved in 1961 for the treatment of allergies, but has since been used to treat serotonin syndrome, serotonin-induced sexual dysfunction, insomnia, headaches, and as an appetite stimulant. This drug prevents the allergic action by blocking a certain natural substance (histamine) in the body.

Cyproheptadine tablet is a type of antihistamine drug that is used to stimulate appetite and increase weight. Its main benefits are to relieve the symptoms of seasonal allergies, including skin rashes, itchy or watery eyes, and runny noses, but it may also be used in some cases to increase appetite in children and adults or to treat various diseases. Also, this medicine may interact with some medicines and its use is dangerous. For this reason, this article is completely dedicated to explaining the types of cyproheptadine, its related drugs, mechanism of action, dosage, its effect on sleep pattern, appetite, migraine, diabetes, children, sweating and pain management, and about side effects and interactions. We will also talk about medicine and recommendations related to this medicine.

Uses of cypractin and cyproheptadine obesity pills

Cypractin obesity pills are mostly used in the treatment of anorexia, as well as the treatment of allergies caused by hay fever, hives, migraines, and the treatment of side effects of antidepressants such as sexual disorders and excessive sweating. Today, arbitrary use of cyproheptadine obesity pills is increasing. Cyproheptadine increases appetite and thus causes obesity. If you do not control the use of this pill, it may cause excessive obesity. Cyproheptadine obesity pill also helps to reduce anxiety and depression by preventing the absorption of serotonin. However, it is not the main therapeutic drug in the treatment of depression and is often prescribed to reduce stress before surgery.

Medicinal forms of cyproheptadine

Cyproheptadine is produced in the form of tablets and syrup and can be consumed.

Medicinal recommendations of cyproheptadine tablets

Before taking cyproheptadine syrup or tablets, be sure to talk to your doctor if you have one or more of the following:

If you are allergic to cyproheptadine syrup or tablets.If you have intestinal obstruction, enlarged prostate, glaucoma, difficulty urinating, or ulcers in the stomach or intestines.
if you are taking antidepressants (such as isocarboxazid, phenelzine, or tranylcypromine) or drugs prescribed for Parkinson’s disease (such as selegiline or rasagiline).
If you use linezolid or methylene blue.

It is necessary to observe the following points before taking cyproheptadine:

Avoid taking cyproheptadine if you are 65 years or older.
Do not give cyproheptadine syrup to a premature or newborn baby. Tell your doctor and pharmacist about all medications (prescription and over-the-counter, herbal remedies, vitamins) and health problems you have.
If you have another disease or were hospitalized for an accident and were treated with cyproheptadine, inform your doctor and nurse about the use of cyproheptadine.
After taking cyproheptadine, avoid driving and doing tasks that require alertness.
Do not use this medicine at the same time as consuming alcohol or using other drugs and natural products that slow down your performance. This medicine may cause sunburn.
If you are in the sun, be careful and use strong sunscreens. Excessive consumption of cyproheptadine syrup in children can cause many health problems and may even lead to death. Use with caution in children.
While taking cyproheptadine, tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.
Do not take an extra dose or 2 doses at the same time.
Store the medicine at room temperature.
Store the medicine in a dry place.
Keep medicines out of the reach of children and pets.
Throw away unused or expired medications.
Do not flush the medicine down the toilet or drain.
If your problem persists or worsens, call your doctor.
Do not share your medications with others and do not take other people’s medications.
Avoid taking cyproheptadine if you are breastfeeding.
After taking cyproheptadine, avoid driving and doing tasks that require alertness.

Side effects of cyproheptadine appetite suppressants

In the use of all drugs, one should pay attention to its side effects; Especially drugs such as cyproheptadine obesity pills are related to allergies and sensitivities. However, if the doctor prescribed this medicine for you, the benefits of the medicine must have been more necessary for you. The most important side effects of this pill include the following. If any of the following symptoms occur, inform your therapist.

Irritability
Drowsiness
Headache
Boredom and lethargy
appetite stimulation
the mess
Visual illusions
Trembling in the body and organ coordination disorder
blood pressure
Rapid heartbeat
hives
sensitivity to light
Dry nose and throat
Blurred vision and ringing in the ears
dry mouth
constipation
jaundice
Anemia
Weight Gain

How to take cyproheptadine HCL appetite suppressant

Take this pill orally as directed by your doctor, usually 2 to 3 times a day. If you are using the liquid form of this pill, measure the dose carefully using a special device or spoon. Drug dosage is determined based on age and medical condition. In children, this dose may be considered based on body weight and size. You can take cyproheptadine obesity pills before or after each meal. Some people take this weight loss pill with a lot of water. If you forget to take a dose, don’t worry, take the next dose at your scheduled time and continue with your regular schedule.

What is the mechanism of action of cyproheptadine tablets?

Cyproheptadine is a first-generation antihistamine of the piperidine class, which has anticholinergic, antiserotonergic, and local anesthetic properties. It seems that cyproheptadine exerts its antihistaminic and antiserotonin effects by competing with free histamine and serotonin to bind to the respective receptors. Serotonin’s antagonism with the hypothalamus appetite center may be the reason for the ability of cyproheptadine to stimulate appetite.

The dosage of cyproheptadine tablets

The dosage of this medicine varies based on age, medical condition and response to treatment.
In children, the prescribed dose may be based on body weight and size.
Below are the doses of cyproheptadine tablets according to the type of disease:
Prevention of allergy in adults: 4 mg orally every 8 hours
Children under 2 years: safety and effectiveness of the drug have not been proven.
Children 2-6 years: 2 mg orally every 8-12 hours (no more than 12 mg per day is allowed)
Children 7-14 years: 4 mg orally every 8-12 hours (no more than 16 mg per day is allowed)
Migraine headache prevention in adults: 2 mg orally every 12 hours with or without propanol

Serotonin syndrome

12 mg initially followed by 2 mg every 2 hours or 4-8 mg orally every 6 hours as needed to control symptoms
For elderly patients, use a lower dose range (4 mg orally every 12 hours) or prescribe less often.
Renal failure
Excretion is reduced in renal failure. Lower doses should be prescribed under close supervision.
Liver failure
If transaminases are more than 3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) or bilirubin is 5-3.1 mg/dL, 75% of the normal dose should be administered.

The method of taking cyproheptadine tablets for the treatment of sexual disorders

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are commonly used to treat neuropathic and other pain syndromes. However, sexual dysfunction is a common side effect that occurs in approximately 30-40% of patients taking antidepressants. The inability to experience full sexual pleasure is often problematic for patients with chronic depression; However, the drugs prescribed for treatment are also involved in this. Antidepressant-related sexual dysfunction appears to be associated with increased serotonergic activity, particularly at HT25 and HT35 receptors, but inhibition of HT15 receptors by cyproheptadine is thought to reduce antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction. The results of some studies also show that cyproheptadine may reduce serotonin levels in some patients. Regardless, sedatives should also be discussed, as they may impair sexual performance as well as next-day performance. For a patient who has previously taken cyproheptadine and is tolerant to the sedative, taking the required dose of this drug before intercourse may be a reasonable solution. However, for the vast majority of patients who face sexual dysfunction caused by antidepressants, doctors are advised to avoid prescribing drugs with postsynaptic serotonergic activity and use bupropion and mirtazapine instead.

Effect of cyproheptadine on sleep pattern

The possible effect of cyproheptadine on the sleep pattern is probably due to its anticholinergic activity. Cyproheptadine is a first-generation antihistamine similar to diphenhydramine, which has the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and has a sedative and hypnotic effect. However, it has been shown that antihistamines are more effective in delaying sleep and maintaining it, but they are not effective in curing chronic insomnia. This limited amount of effectiveness is probably due to tachyphylaxis, which increases tolerance to sedative effects with continuous use of this drug. Tachyphylaxis to antihistamines has been reported up to 3 days after administration, but some studies show efficacy up to 2 weeks later.

Effect of cyproheptadine on diabetes

Cyproheptadine and metrogulin improve glucose metabolism in diabetes by reducing insulin resistance.

The effect of cyproheptadine tablets on migraine

Some headaches are caused by the activation of an internal system when serotonin is released from platelets, causing a vasoconstriction effect that reduces blood flow to the brain. This reduction in serotonin, in addition to stimulating the trigeminal nerve, causes vasodilation in the brain, resulting in the induction of an inflammatory response. There are seven types of serotonin receptors, but only the HT15 and HT25 receptors have a direct role in causing cerebral vasoconstriction. In addition, HT1B5 and HT1D5 subunits are also believed to be involved in vasoconstriction in the brain and migraine. Taking cyproheptadine produces inhibitory effects on peptide release, inhibiting HT1D5 and H5, which results in preventing the inflammatory response caused by trigeminal nerve stimulation and reducing migraine headaches. Therefore, cyproheptadine may be a suitable treatment option for patients who have not improved with medications currently used for migraine prevention (eg, beta-blockers and antiepileptics). This medicine is not intended for long-term use. Also, it should be noted that the antiserotonergic effects of cyproheptadine may lead to confusion and visual hallucinations or unwanted weight gain in high doses.

The effect of cyproheptadine on children

In adults, cyproheptadine tablets are used to relieve allergic symptoms, headaches and some diseases, but for children, they usually have applications related to increasing appetite, helping to empty the stomach, and improving symptoms of nausea and vomiting. Scientific findings emphasize the positive relationship between cyproheptadine hydrochloride treatment and weight gain in prepubescent children. The usual recommendations for using this medicine in children are as follows: If your child is going to be tested for allergies, stop giving this medicine at least four days before the test. This medicine can affect the results of allergy tests. It’s important to be with your child at all doctor appointments so the doctor can make sure he’s getting the right dose and not having any side effects. Give this medicine to your child with food, milk or water. The medicine should be stored at room temperature and away from direct sunlight and heat. If your child has asthma, glaucoma, ulcers, or difficulty urinating, tell the doctor before giving this medicine and get homework. Prevent the child from excessive exposure to sunlight.

Effect of cyproheptadine on appetite

Appetite stimulants are prescribed to help children, adults, and the elderly who struggle with loss of appetite and cachexia (which may result from chronic diseases such as cystic fibrosis, cancer, and HIV/AIDS). Megestrol, cyproheptadine, anabolic steroids, growth hormones, and cannabinoids are all used for their appetite-stimulating properties. Most of these stimulants cause negative side effects. The inhibitory effect of cyproheptadine on serotonin receptors in the hypothalamus is also probably due to its ability to stimulate appetite. The results of short-term and long-term studies show that cyproheptadine is effective as an appetite stimulant for cystic fibrosis patients and supports optimal weight gain with minimal side effects.

Effect of cyproheptadine on pain management

Although cyproheptadine is not a first-line pain medication, it may be considered as a pain management option for intractable headaches and relief of symptoms aggravated by chronic pain such as insomnia and cachexia. Cyproheptadine can also help improve symptoms in patients who suffer from chronic pain with sleep disturbances, headaches, or loss of appetite.

Side effects of cyproheptadine tablets in the long term

In general, the most common adverse drug reactions in patients taking cyproheptadine are due to its antihistaminergic and anticholinergic activity, including: drowsiness.

blurred vision
dry mouth
dry eyes
constipation
Urinary retention
confusion

Therefore, the use of cyproheptadine tablets is not recommended in patients with glaucoma, because its anticholinergic effects may lead to an increase in intraocular pressure. In addition, cyproheptadine may aggravate urinary retention in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Another group of patients who should not be treated with this drug are those who use opioids, because this compound may cause constipation in these people with its sedative effects. Also, in the long term, this drug can make the skin sensitive to sunlight. On the other hand, it has been found that long-term use of this pill can cause side effects such as blood sugar and diabetes, edema, high blood pressure, and immune system suppression. Unlike most first-generation antihistamines, cyproheptadine is also associated with several cases of clinically apparent liver damage.

Effect of cyproheptadine on sweating

Anticholinergic drugs can be used as a potential treatment for excessive sweating. It is possible that cyproheptadine reduces sweating by its serotonin antagonism.

Side effects of cyproheptadine overdose The side effects of cyproheptadine overdose include

Drowsiness
dizziness
blurred vision
Constipation or dry mouth, nose and throat
If you have any serious side effects, such as the following, you should see a doctor immediately:
Mental and mood changes (such as restlessness, confusion, hallucinations)
shaking
Difficulty urinating
heart beat
convulsions
Feeling faint
scanty urination or cessation of urination
Bruising or bleeding
ringing in the ears
Pale or yellow skin
dark urine
Fever
weakness

One of the side effects of cyproheptadine overdose is heart palpitations. Of course, a very serious allergic reaction to this drug rarely happens, but people who have the following problems should inform their doctor or pharmacist about their medical history before using this drug: Respiratory problems (such as asthma, emphysema)
High pressure in the eye (nymphs)
Heart disease
high blood pressure
kidney disease
History of seizures
History of stomach or intestinal problems (such as ulcers, blockages)
hyperthyroidism
Difficulty urinating

Children may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug. This drug often causes excitement instead of drowsiness in young children. Elderly people may also be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially drowsiness, dizziness, constipation, confusion, or difficulty urinating. During pregnancy, this drug should be used only if needed and prescribed by a doctor.

Drug interactions of cyproheptadine tablets

Drug interactions can change how a person’s medication works or increase the risk of serious side effects. Taking cyproheptadine tablets together with drugs that cause drowsiness can worsen this effect. Therefore, people should consult their doctor before taking sleeping pills, narcotics, muscle relaxants, anxiety, depression or seizure medications. The following drugs may also interact with cyproheptadine:

Antitussives or pain relievers (such as codeine, diphenhydramine, hydrocodone)
alcohol
hypnotic or anti-anxiety medications (such as alprazolam, lorazepam, zolpidem)
Other antihistamines (such as cetirizine)
Cyproheptadine tablet topical antihistamines are usually prescribed as an anti-allergy.

But sometimes it may be used to help relieve some diseases such as insomnia, diabetes, sexual disorders, migraine or various pains. Sometimes this drug is also used to increase the appetite of children, adults and the elderly. This pill can cause drowsiness, dizziness, blurred vision, nausea, constipation and sensitivity to sunlight due to overdose.

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